Content

1.Biochemistry and the Organiazation of Cells 1

2.Water : The Solvent for Biochemical Reactions 37

3.Amino Acids and Peptides 65

4.The Three – Dimensional Structure of Proteins 87

5.Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques 123

6.The Behavior of Proteins : Enzymes 143

7.The Behavior of Proteins : Enzymes , Mechanisms ,and Control 171

8.Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes 201

9.Nucleic Acids : How Structure Conveys Information 235

10.Biosynthesis of Nuleic Acids : Replication 261

11.Transcription of Genetic Code : The Biosynthesis of RNA 287

12.Protein Synthesis : Translation of the Genetic Message 331

13.Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques 363

14.Viruses, Cancer and Immunology 405

15.The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism 439

16.Carbohydrates 461

17.Glycolysis 493

18.Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism 519

19.The Citric Acid Cycle 545

20.Eletron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation 577

21.Lipid Metabolism 607

22.Photosynthesis 645

23.The Metabolism of Nitrogen 671

24.Integration of Metabolism : Cellular Signaling 707